John dewey v rudolf steiner

A comparison on two theorists John Dewey – Rudolf Steiner There are many theories and philosophies that have come and gone some which are still widely used today. Each human being has a mind of their own and it is because of some individuals that we are able to learn progress and teach in so many different ways. Comparing different methods, teachings, theories and ideas allows our mind to reason and understand more than Just our own point of view. In child development there Is so much to learn, each child is unique and because of this uniqueness we an not only have one pattern of teaching for every child.Every child needs to have the opportunity to succeed and progress to the best of their personal ability. I would like to compare two very intellectual and profound individuals who have expanded the minds of many people. John Dewey, a believer In Pragmatism and progressivism. HIS view was that you would develop and learn by using the mind to think and to physically do. To prepa re and enter society well equipped, mentally and physically. † I see the aim of education as the development f the Individual to function as part of a society and to contribute to the on going formation of that society' John Dewey was born In Vermont USA In 1859.He was mainly known to people about his views and philosophies on the educational system. He however shared his views about many other topics such as ethics, social theories, metaphysics and more. At the end of the nineteenth century in the United States of America a new philosophical movement started which they called Pragmatism. This was to Join intellectuals who had views, opinions and philosophical theories. The professors who suggested theories needed sufficient credibility and practicality without this they would be rejected.John Dewey played a big role In this movement whilst also publishing his work in books and sharing his theories in many different places including universities. His thoughts on the educationa l system and child's development really began to excel once he founded the University Laboratory School which became the â€Å"Dewey School†. This is where he taught his students to have an active mind, to become educational thinkers. He believed strongly In the process of growth and high principles of mental activity. Little did he know that his theories would continue to this day.John Dewey did not believe in the rigid regimentation of the educational system which was in place and believed that each individual learner would exceed their personal best not by force but more by example, by experiencing and doing. Perfecting one self's growth and being part of a system that saw school as a social community. John Dewey believed that good' education should have a purpose In society and each Individual. John Dewey stresses the Idea that the quality as a member of society. â€Å"The belief that all genuine education comes about through experience does not mean that all experiences are genuinely or equally educative. Rudolf Steiner however did not see eye to eye with John Dewey on every level. They both had a deep passion for the wellbeing and development of human beings yet had different views on how to reach that successful stage in life. Rudolf Steiner, of Austrian origin was born in Croatia 1861. Being raised in a ‘natural' countryside environment allowed him from the early age of 8 to reason in his mind about the endless possibilities the human mind can have, reaching a level of spirituality from young.He is known today as the ‘Philosopher of Freedom' he wanted to educate himself and others more on spirituality and the freedom in learning and developing. Rudolf Steiner envisioned the spiritual world as being as real as the physical world we live in. He devoted his life in search of answers, he started his quest by studying Science and Philosophy in Vienna. After years of study and personal growth the answers became clear to him that he had fo und a spiritual path which was to be called Anthropology. He believed that this would lead the spiritual in the human being to the spiritual in the universe. There is nothing more important for life, even for material life, than the strong and sure realization of communion with the spiritual world. † Rudolf Steiner was a strong believer in the ‘Natural' and ‘Holistic' development in a child. Each phase of a child's development needed nurturing, enriching and supporting, therefore, he believed that there should be three essential takes in a child's development. Each stage lasting about 7 years, he put a lot of emphasis on the fact that not one stage should be shortened because of a set curricular expectation.He believed if each individual developed at their own pace gradually learning every important life skill they would become well educated adults. His method of teaching was never to reach statistical highs but to reach personal growth. Each child would be taught and treated as an individual, with different levels and development speeds. The three phases are 0-7 which is seen as the ‘early holding' phase, the second phase 7-14 which is the ‘heart of the childhood' and last but not least the 14-21 which would be the ‘adolescence' phase.Each phase needs specific teaching and Rudolf Steiner made sure that there was a strong harmony in his teaching methods. This would be through artistic expression, dance (rhythmic), singing, play and many other forms of creativity. His teaching methods were not for the minority, this was a method he believed would be great for all of mankind. The spiritual harmony and togetherness he encouraged within schools would be inefficiency to every child, regardless of academic ability, class, ethnicity or religion.We shouldn't ask â€Å"What does a person need to be able to do in order to fit into the existing social order today? † Instead we should ask â€Å"what lives in each human being and what can be developed in him or her? † ‘ As I said in the beginning, each individual has a mind of their own. The most beautiful conclusion for me is that philosophers have pushed their mental ability to find and explain questions and doubts a lot of us have but cannot answer. I have found some truth and sense in answer but we can strive to expand our knowledge.Both John Dewey and Rudolf Steiner made it their mission in life to educate themselves and educate us. I believe that each person can relate and understand both their theories to an extent, however, we have the freedom of choice. I personally prefer Rudolf Steiner, I attended his schools during all of my primary school years and his method of teaching I would never dispute. The personal, structured learning strategies Rudolf Steiner implemented are in my opinion the most natural way to educate a young person.

Enviromental Factors Essay

The four external factors that help organizations achieve optimal function are funding sources, non cash revenues, clients or consumers, and competitors. These four external factors are important to every organization as this is what keeps the organization going. If an organization was to lose any of these factors listed above the organization may not stay at optimal function. â€Å"The six internal factors that help organizations achieve optimal function are organizational purpose, mission, philosophy, organizational planning, organizational operations, human resources, technological resources, and financial resources.†(The six internal factors listed above are what keeps and organization strong and running. These factors cover all aspects of the organization and make sure the organization is on track with the rest of the team members of that same organization. This also helps the organization achieve their goals and be able to meet their needs more efficiently. The factors I felt were most important were clients or consumers, competitors, funding sources, and organizational planning. Every organization needs clients or consumers or their organization would fail, as well every organization needs competition to be far. Funding sources are always important as they help fund and bring money in. Organizational planning can go a long way, if the right person is doing the planning. With careful organizational planning and organization can still be run and be successful. Reference Kettner, P. M. (1993). Acheiving Excellence in the Mangement of Human Services Organizations. Hauppauge, NY: Allyn&Bacon.

Courage of a Black Women Essay

The story tells of one lady who goes through all kinds of hardships, discovers the proficient, content, and proud woman hidden inside of a young shut-mouthed girl. The Color Purple, the third novel written by the Pulitzer Prize winning author Alice Walker, has been both respected and berated in numerous essays and reviews. Although the critics agree to disagree about many aspects of this novel one thing is clear, The Color Purple shows that â€Å"the survival and liberation of black women through the strengths and wisdom of others. (Draper, 1810) In Walker’s personal view, the Black women’s history falls into three parts; the woman suspended, the artist confused and held back in her desires to create, living through two centuries when her main role was to be a used unvalued source of labor in the American society, and the modern woman. The feminist Alice Walker writes in a pattern. Her female characters move in a common cycle, first the woman were cruelly abused, and their spirits and bodies scarred, then the confused woman desires most to be a part of the American life, and lastly the modern woman shows the qualities of the developing an uprising model. Before Celie who is the main character, makes her way into the cycle the story sets her as a child with energy of wanting to learn, love, and enjoy life. She and Nettie, her sister attend school on a regular basis, complete all of their chores, and still make time to talk to play, or to just spend time together. Then, just as Celie reaches womanhood, she finds her way into the first stage of the cycle; the rejected woman. The rejected woman plays the role of the brutal abuse with a corrupted spirit as well as body. Celie’s body is first desecrated through her stepfather’s sexual abuse. Followed by this comes continuing sexual and physical abuse by her husband Mr. ______. Here, Celie slips into the second stage of the cycle; the woman who is held back. In this stage the character desires most to become a part of mainstream American society. In most cases, they are also victims of psychological abuse that separate them from their roots and real contact to the world. The profanity and abuse her body survives, not accepting that her spirit is broken when not only have her children been taken away from her by her stepfather, but Nettie is forced by Albert, to leave his and Celie’s house. During this time of sorrow and loneliness, there is one unique sparkle in Celie that surfaces with the thought of a lady named Shug Avery. â€Å"Shug Avery was a woman. The most beautiful woman I ever saw. She more pretty then my mama. She bout ten times more prettier then me. I see her in furs. Her face rouge. Her hair like somethin tail. . . An all night long I stare at the picture. An now when I dream, I dream of Shug Avery. She be dressed to kill, whirling and laughing. † (Walker 16) The final stage of the cycle; is the modern woman, one who realizes her strengths, her weakness and accepts them. In this stage, the lady works with what she has. Celie approaches this stage only with the help of Shug Avery during her stay with Albert and Celie. As fate would have it, Shug becomes deathly ill after a performance in Celie’s hometown. All of Celie’s years of wondering about Shug Avery comes to an end here. In the story, Albert goes to see Shug sing and Celie wants to ask him so many questions. â€Å"What she wear? Is she still the same old Shug, like in my picture? How her hair is? What kind of lipstick? Wig? She stout? She skinny? She sound well? Tired? Sick? Where her children at while she singing all over the place? Do she miss ’em? † Shug and Celie start off on a bad foot, however, after Celie begins to take care of Shug and nurse her back to health they develop the only kind of friendship and love, that can snap Celie back to reality. Through Albert and Shug’s relationship, Celie finally hears from her sister Nettie. Thirty years has passed since they last spoke. Why? Well, Albert never let Celie go through the incoming mail. By doing this, he keeps her in a innocent unaware state. Which anyways, thanks to Shug who takes the letter from the mailbox, she gives Celie a sense of hope for herself. In that letter Celie learns that Nettie is still alive and that her two children are with her. After searching the rest of the house, her and Shug find all of the letters that Nettie has sent to her for the past thirty years. Celie learns that her family is coming home. Eventually Celie leaves Albert, seriously only to become attached to Shug. Anyways, when Shug needs to have her â€Å"last fling† and leaves Celie, Celie realizes that she can do just fine by herself, like that completing the cycle. This is one of those stories with a lot of self-help potential. Celie loses everything that matters to her, becomes a victim of unthinkable abuse both in her child life and adulthood. Then, she reunites with her sister. Nothing is impossible for a woman to accomplish in this world. After Celie leaves Albert, she starts her own business and runs it throughout the rest of her days. The novel really declares the truth behind the belief of â€Å"survival and liberation of black women through the wisdom and strength of others. (Draper, 1810) Celie’s survival through this story is due greatly to Shug, and even Albert. Her gratitude to Shug is the most definitely recognized, because if it was not for Shug ,Albert never would have stopped beating her, in addition to that her spirit would never have been renewed, and lastly she never would have heard from her sister again. Basically if it isn’t for Shug, Celie’s existence will have been a pointless one. If she hadnâ€⠄¢t gone mad, she probably would have died from loneliness and despair. Like Shug, Albert is a character who significantly affects Celie’s life. Albert represents Celie’s stepfather at the beginning of their marriage. He controls her and aparts her of everything she holds with love, but him, himself, is victim. He has a weak will and no initiative to accept responsibility for his actions. He shows her that he is just as lonely as she. Albert helps her to reach an understanding about her stepfather and about himself. Through a friendship, that develops after their marriage ends, she also forgives them. Celie’s stepfather, who she calls Pa, and Albert are two of the major male characters in the novel. They share more similarities than what they differ. Celie’s stepfather, Pa, is a cheater . After Celie’s real father dies, this man who has received word that there is a new well-off, slightly out-of-sorts, widow in town, settles in and sweet-talks Celie’s mother right down the aisle. Celie is two years old at the time. Well, this man enjoys his new life and his new wife, but when she refuses to do as he says to him who does him turn to? Pa uses his power of authority to force Celie into a situation no barely fourteen year old girl should be in. Never had a kine word to say to me,† Celie says, â€Å"Just say You gonna do what your mammy wouldn’t. . . When penetration begins to hurt, I cry. He start to choke me, saying You better shut up and git used to it. But I don’t never git used to it. † (Walker, 1) Even sadder is that after her mother dies, not only must she take care of the house and her sisters and brothers, but she has to willin gly offer herself to Pa in order to spare Nettie. Pa is a true abstract of a tyrant, using his authority for low blows like this. Of course Albert begins the same way. Albert marries Celie because first of all he can’t have Nettie and secondly he needs someone to watch his children. After his decision to marry Celie, him and Pa have a little chat. â€Å"Pa say, Your sister thinking bout marriage. Didn’t mean nothing to him. My brother pull my dresstail and ast can he have some blackberry jam out the safe. I say, Yeah. She good with children, Pa say, rattling his paper open more. Never heard her say a hard word to nary one of them. Just give ’em everything they ast for, is the only problem. Albert say, That cow still coming? No love materializes between these two and their marriage is one similar to one of arranged royal weddings. Of course when he reaches his house, him on a horseback, her on foot, a young Harpo â€Å"laid her head open with a rock. † His punishment is a oral punishment. Albert is, like an uneasy child, running from his responsibilities and avoiding the consequences of his actions. Not to mention, Alber t has a set free quality he, like Celie finds an understanding about himself and attempts to adjust for all that he has done in the past. He makes peace with Celie, and although he releases himself from his past. Albert is truly the most compelling character in this novel, next to Celie. In looking at Albert and Pa we find many incite into the human psyche. As symbols, one represents an immense amount of bad will, the other represents the same but allows for change. The major symbol of the novel is the color purple. It has many meanings, positive and negative. Purple symbolizes love of truth, patience, humanity, and spirituality along with sublimination, martyrdom, and resignation. In connection with the novel, Celie is the symbol of patience and humanity. She never asks for anything from anyone. When things don’t go her way, she waits. For example, she waits for Nettie’s letters for thirty years. On the other hand, Celie also shows a great bit of surrendor in her patience. Culturally, purple signifies virtue and faith just as Celie does. During her and Shug’s conversation about sex, Celie tells Shug she feels nothing during sexual intercourse with her husband. Shug understands this to mean she is still a virgin, but in reality Celie provides her body to Albert but not her spirit or her soul. Another purple reference is to the Easter holiday. How coincidental that the color purple is associated with the resurrection of Jesus Christ and this novel, considering that Celie does have a â€Å"rebirth† of her own as she moves through Walker’s cycle. Overall, the color purple, as a prize, represents a winner over all classes, strangely coincidental isn’t it. The use of purple as a symbol is a virtue to this novel but also a fault. In the preparation of death, Roman soldiers carried amulets of purple amethyst. There are many virtues as well as faults in this novel. One of the most obvious faults in the story is its likeness to a fairy tale. â€Å"Celie becomes the ugly duckling who will eventually be redeemed through suffering. This trait links her to all the heroines of fairy tales from Cinderella to Snow White. † (Harris, 159) At the conclusion of the story not only does Celie find her sister but also both of her lost children. Another example of the novel’s surreal quality, the woman Celie fantasizes about for years, not only lands in her house but falls in love with her. Likewise, let’s ask what The Color Purple, ultimately, predicates. â€Å"In true fairy-tale fashion, it affirms passivity; heroines that do little to help themselves,† says Trudier Harris in â€Å"The Color Purple Stereotypes and Silence. † The entire novel contains a virtual acceptance of cruelty, violence, and violation. Some things about this novel are too good to be true. Others are too horrifying. In uncovering a novel’s differences and meaning, the story can become a vehicle of the social and political views of the author. Being a feminist, there are a few strands of admiration to the feminist community in Celie. She is a woman that triumphs over impossible odds. The feminine relationship between Celie and Shug has been said to pay a debt to lesbians. â€Å"She pays homage to the lesbians by portraying a relationship between two women that reads like a schoolgirl fairy tale in its ultimate adherence to the convention of the happy resolution. † (Harris, 160) Born-again feminists receive their dues in Albert and career-minded women are acknowledged in Shug. The Color Purple, a story of one lady, named Celie, who triumphs through adversity to discover a proficient, content, and proud woman hidden inside of a young timid girl, is one that brings hope to any woman. A novel written by Alice Walker, it has been reviewed many times over, but even though the critics analyze and pull apart what very well could just be an enjoyable yet thought provoking story, they agree that one thing is clear, The Color Purple affirms the idea that the survival and liberation of the black woman can only come through learning from our past misfortunes and manipulating them to meet beneficial ends.

Response papers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Response papers - Essay Example Being involved in sports as school children, athletes do not realize that emulating the big league is a useless, futile and expensive proposition, as there is no income and no media adulation. Parents' and society expectations take a serious toll on the athletes, with extreme peer pressure to succeed. This leads to suicides and depression in a very large number of school athletes, who lead their lives bearing the burden of expectations of their families and their school team coaches. In the article, Bissinger has explained in some detail the excesses that constitute a school sports system becoming an obsession. Although suicide and extreme emotional stress is talked about, a mention of the organizations and support groups who help these school kids would have not only exhibited the despair, but would have shown us the hope. Man is a social animal, and physical attractiveness is an important part of social interaction. The human baby is almost universally considered cute, as are the young of several other species. A case in point was Tai Shan the Panda, who generated an almost global wave of adoration when he was displayed in a zoo. Natalie Angier explains through an extensive range of examples, the advantages and the evolutionary need of being 'cute', whether for an animal, a human, or a product. The article explains the importance of humans finding their and other species' young cute as it evokes a desire of care-giving. Due to the physical vulnerability of human infants, evoking such a response in adults ensures their very survival. There are distinct physical traits in animals we find cute, such as forward facing eyes, a sideways walk and floppy ears, that we find appear enhanced and more prominent in children's' cartoon characters, at the cost of authenticity. The author cites evolutionary evidence and shows that humans are genetically hardwired to react positively to their young's need for care. Children's products all over the world exploit this uncontrollable charm in cute objects, by creating products that are found so by their target buyer. Everything from cars to dolls have been designed to evoke this emotion. The article does go into reasonable depth on the anthropological and psychological aspects of this perception, but could have additionally touched upon the potentially dangerous cosmetic surgeries that are performed all over the world to achieve attractiveness. The author could also have touched upon the distinction between feelings of care-giving and feelings of pity, as felt while looking at a malnourished child on TV. It will answer the question whether the feelings of adoration are stronger, or of pity. "Talk about editing" response paper Newspapers have served as a barometer of the times for more than a century, and the New York Times is an established name in daily newspapers, known all over the world for its objectivity and lucidity of style and content. An important part of the newspaper is the op-ed page, where anyone with an opinion and point of view on any topic may submit an article and have it printed. David Shipley's article explains in detail the process by which a submitted article is edited, including the importance of maintaining the purity of thought and the constant interaction of the editorial staff with the writer throughout the process. Editing starts with spelling and grammatical

Erik Larson's Devil In the White City Term Paper

Erik Larson's Devil In the White City - Term Paper Example The official name of the â€Å"Devil in the White City† was the World’s Columbian Exposition. Burnham, the competent architect of the Colombian World’s Fair made Chicago the white City with his construction and masterpieces. Actually, the story of The Devil in the White City is about two main characters Holmes and Denial Hudson Burnham. White City represented the Chicago at its good; the awful killing of Holmes surely qualified for the darkest side of the city. Holmes operated his mansion as a hotel during the fair. It was really a horror house. Many women came in Chicago in search of jobs and got attracted towards him for jobs or stayed in his hotel during the fair and were not sighted again. Holmes gasconaded that he had murdered not less than 27 women in his lifetime. After murder he sold their skeletons and other parts to any medical college or others. This story revealed the contrasts of city Chicago that was filled with both bright and dark aspects. One mig ht easily debate that city has not changed yet in this respect. Burnham, the man of principles and having high capabilities presented the bright aspect of life. He built the World’s Famous Fair in Chicago and gained a lot of popularity. His efforts towards this achievement showed all about the White City. The author presented Chicago’s brighter parts in the character of Burnham and evils in the character of Holmes and referred as Black City. ... In short, The Devil in the White City is an attracting and delighting description of a sensational period in Chicago’s history. Eric Larson, the author of the â€Å"Devil in the White City† has described the two aspect of human nature in his writing, good and evil. It is a natural phenomenon of life where there is good there is also evil and wickedness. By saying the Black City to Chicago, it means to show the evil aspect of Chicago, where a serial killer has an appetite of killing young women in the disguise of a well-known famous doctor, H.H Holmes. He had made a Fair Hotel where he seduced women and killed them bitterly. After their death, he sold their body parts and skeletons. Larson has tried to show the dual aspects of Holmes and Burnham. Chicago had a great reputation in cultural as well economical fields. The World Exposition had created a lot of opportunities for the country. People came there in search of new opportunities of jobs and some went back and other stayed there. The Fair also created jobs opportunities at a time when economy was not good and there was recession. Although it took a lot of time to become stable after the Fair, Chicago got the state what it should be. But along this fame and repute there is evil and wicked thing that Dr. H.H Holmes got chances to kill a lot of women just for money and his inner satisfaction. Therefore author refers the Chicago as the Black City. Chicago World‘s Fair of 1893 proves a great turning point in the history of America. According to Erick, The Fair literally changed America. It also showed the condition of Chicago that needed the reform action in areas like worker’s right, sanitation, law enforcement and many more. In spite of it, the city’s businessmen and architects made the reputation of

Assignment about ethics 5 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

About ethics 5 - Assignment Example The bank was unable to garner sufficient funds from its retail arm through deposits to show sufficient growth on the balance sheet. As a result, the Northern Rock started depending on easily available short-term wholesale market funds to boost its growth. Northern Rock started issuing and selling notes that offered the buyer the right on the capital of the loan portfolio. New loans were bundled and the prevalent accounts were sold through asset-supported securities (Liikanen, 2012). Nothing happened all of a sudden, as by 1995 the worth of capital with the bank had begun deteriorating sharply. In 2005, debt of lower value released in 2001 was equalled to equity. It reduced the margins over the debt value greatly. The bank was not getting better margins from traditional market but it could not control the tightly defined leverage from bursting to a factor of 90 and more (Liikanen, 2012). The Northern Rock announced insolvency on September 13, 2007, asking help from the Bank of England (BoE). Immediate effect of this declaration happened on the bank retail segment customers who had deposited money in various personal accounts. These account holders had lost faith in the capability of the bank to pay back their deposits and the very next day there were long lines of customers in all branches of the Northern Rock to withdraw their funds from the bank. ... Bankruptcy of Northern Rock was due to stepping back from their credit lines by the institutional short-term investors of the Northern Rock. Before the announcement of insolvency, withdrawing back of the short-term institutional investors was a grave issue for the bank before 14 September. The real set back to the bank was faced in the wholesale market when the news broke out that the Northern Rock was arranging money largely from the short-term wholesale funding, which it settled at the time of credit maturity (Liikanen, 2012). Inter-banking problem of Northern Rock and other financial organizations largely stemmed from the deficiency of trust among banks and the inter-banking market. Generally, inter-banking market is always brimming with funds across the world but liquidity just vanished from the market. Retail depositors’ rushing to the bank branches for withdrawing money happened at a time when crisis at the Northern Rock had occurred. Amazing thing was that during the di fficult time of cash shortage crisis, the retail segment of the bank business was shown as the major revenue stream of the Northern Rock. In the end with the huge downward plunge in the share price of Northern Rock from ?12.50 in January 2007 to below ?1 at close of the year 2007, the bank was taken over on 17 February 2008 (Liikanen, 2012). The crisis of the Northern Rock was managed with the financial aid given to it by the Bank of England. After nationalization, all its debts and losses were borne by the government. Certain clarity emerges behind the cause of crisis or failure of the Northern Rock, which is significant to mention to remove ambiguity over its failure. The Northern Rock banking business model failed not because of its borrowers, nor a long line of customers waiting

Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism Essay

Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism - Essay Example This is also meaning that they are Calvinist in the sense that a strong doctrine of heaven and hell are advocated. It is possible that Jesus would strongly identify with Protestantism, in point of fact, because Jesus was a community advocate. His followers became a church that was based in the hearts of people, which emphasize community, and togetherness. Jesus would also probably propagate the independence of groups with Christ-like principles, where, like in early Christianity, "[c]ells were formed by those who met together regularly to discuss the kingdom of God."1 Additionally, Christ talked about the Kingdom of Heaven often and, though not as much, the ultimate destination of hell for those who disregarded God and his laws. Martin Luther would probably have been a similar advocate for Protestantism, as it did not have relics of any kind associated with it. Also, the concept of images being considered a form of idolatry in Protestantism would probably also have appealed to Martin Luther. Martin Luther would have appreciated the emphasis placed on sermons. Jesus would have appreciated Roman Catholicism for the elaborate and detailed nature of the faith, which encapsulates nearly everything about it: its theology, its doctrines, and its churches.

The importance of the victims in the criminal justice process Essay

The importance of the victims in the criminal justice process - Essay Example The intention of this study is victimology as a term originating from a study of victims of crime. It is important to affirm that the victim of a crime remains at the center of the criminal justice process. To give support to this argument, this paper discuses the four major perspectives of victimology. In positivist perspective, the subject of a victim's contribution to a crime is explored. This perspective gives the view that in any criminal action, there have to be significant socio-cultural contributors that lead to a person becoming a victim of a crime. The underlying fact here is that there cannot be a crime without a victim of the same. In offering retribution through the justice system, it is, therefore, essential to analyze the impact of a victim's participation for the criminal justice system to be fair in their judgment. The critical theory of victimology, on the other hand, examines the responses of the different stakeholders in a criminal justice system. In this theoreti cal approach, the victim still plays a pivotal role. From the perspective of activist or humanists, their support is focused on providing a healing or the pursuit for justice or any form of retribution for the victims of different types of crime. The intention of the judicial system, the main intention is to serve justice to the victims of a crime. It is, therefore, effective to conclude that the victim of a crime remains pivotal to the criminal justice process.

Eng101 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Eng101 - Essay Example Habits can lay a strong ground towards success or become the major threats of becoming successful. On the road to success, an individual must continuously monitor his or her behaviours. He or she should realize that success requires hardwork, patience, endeavour, and determination. Without these traits, one becomes dormant and failure in life. Every individual who is successful has formed habits that failures dislike and fails to do. The harvest that human beings reap is measured by the habits and attitudes they cultivate. Habits can be the basis for failure or the basis of success. Although everyone wants to succeed, the ability to fail attracts many people because of the habits formed. Success is important in life in that it is the process of getting from one point of maturity to another. It means achieving or attaining goals. Often, one measures success by the accomplishments of dreams and hopes. Winston Churchill believed that success is a journey from a failure to failure withou t losing focus, determination, motivation, and enthusiasm. Success can only be achieved if one is determined to embrace every challenge that comes the way with the right attitude. Successful people are those that have tried many times to fully succeed in the last chance. Bruce Lee quoted that, one should not go for success but success should look for someone. Bruce encourages people to be themselves and express their feeling effectively. Successful people have faith in themselves and go out looking for success. These people believe that success is not the final journey, but the courage and passion to be successful is what that counts. David Brinkley quoted that, a successful person is the one who can build a strong foundation with the stones and bricks thrown at him. The courage to succeed is what differentiates successful people and failures. Successful people are those that take one idea and utilize it to make profit. These people are dreamers and they work hard to accomplish thei r goals in life. Successful people are not discouraged by obstacles or challenges that come their way, rather their faults and failures are what that make them succeed. The difference between a successful person and others is not lack of knowledge or lack of strength, but lack of will. Success demands one to have a strong will to perform the assigned duties. Having a strong will help an individual to excel even when situations or circumstances demands one to quit or fail. Successful people are not moved by emotions rather they are moved by facts about life. In other words, they are moved by things that enhance a better and fulfilling life. In its simplest terms, success is not so much measured by the position that one has reached or acquired in life as by the challenges and obstacles he has overcome. Overcoming many obstacles and challenges is what measures great success. One should not measure a man’s success by how big or high he climbs but how overcomes the challenges and bounces when he reaches the bottom. The formula for success is rising early to work, working hard, and enduring every challenge of life. Life challenges should be the stepping stone to success. The cost or price of success is hard work and having a strong determination that whether one lose or win, there is another room for being better and accomplish the best in life. It is important to note that, success is not measured by what an individual accomplished, rather by

The UN is essential to ensuring Accountability by member States for Essay

The UN is essential to ensuring Accountability by member States for their Human Rights Obligations and Commitments - Essay Example â€Å"On 10 December 1948, the UN General Assembly espoused the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).† Before the adoption of UDHR, human rights were guaranteed through protection of natural rights and the protection of human rights by the rule law by different nations around the globe. The declaration and implementation of UDHR in 1948 can be said to be a new beginning of the significant global march towards making sure that the human rights is safeguarded internationally by the rule of law. Thus, UDHR can be said to be legal foundation for modern international human rights law1. Though, UDHR is not legally binding instrument when it was introduced 64 ago, but UDHR is consistently employed to safeguard the international human rights, mainly through the rule of law. As compared to the earlier endeavour of including human rights provisions in the Covenant of the League of Nations immediately at the conclusion of the First World War in 1919, was futile. However, there wa s an effort by private sector and in 1929, the Institute of International Law, which was a private body of eminent officials of international law in USA, Asia and Europe perused the Declaration of the Rights of Man where it was stressed that it was the State’s responsibility to offer equal rights to every individual to their liberty, life and property. Though, the above Declaration was not a legally authenticated document, it facilitated wide publicity of the notion of the international human rights for the first time2. Massacres and atrocities unleashed during the Second World War had aggravated poignant humanitarian apprehensions and pushed the international community to introduce a global initiative to ensure the legal safeguard of human rights and accomplishment of world safety and peace3. Since its inception, UDHR played a major role in establishing a comprehensive body of human rights regulations and laws. Within six decades of its establishment, its function included t o address particular human rights infringements and complaints together with wider human rights issues. The UN has established a system of unique methods to supervise, analyse and report on human rights infringements. The UN system addressed not only nation-specific human right infringement, but also ‘thematic’ cutting across human right infringement like religious prejudice, racial discrimination and refusal of freedom of expression. In Prosecutor v. Anto Furundzija4, it was observed by the International Criminal Tribunal that the general rule of honour for human dignity was the fundamental highlight of both national human rights law and global humanitarian law. (Olasolo 2008:34). In Juan Carlos Abella v. Argentina5, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights observed that its authority to extend the international humanitarian law could be obtained from the overlie between the standards between the Geneva Conventions and the American Convention on Human Rights6. How ever, in the recent years, disagreement crept over the conduct of the commission members. Some nations which are criticised as systematic human rights infringers were voted as its members. Sudan, which is notorious for its human rights abuses, was elected as the member of the council in 2001. Sudan was widely censured for its ethnic

Analytical Report on Business Organization Essay Example for Free

Analytical Report on Business Organization Essay Diamond  Stars  Group  of  companies      From:      CEO   Myanmar  Imperial  Clinic  (MIC)      Date:      Subject:                                                      04th  April,  2013   Analytical  Report  on  Business  Organization    Executive  Summary   In  early  2009,  Myanmar  Imperial  Clinic  was  set  up  by  Myanmar  Medics  Co. ,  Ltd. Because  of  its   extensive   range   of   medical   services   and   accurate   diagnostic   tests   by   international   recognized   specialists  and  outstanding  clinical  staff,  it  was  famous  and  generated  profits  at  that  time. But  along   with   the   competition   of   high   investing   clinic,   lack   of   control   of   the   specialists   and   insecure   environment   of   the   staff,   the   organiza tion’s   performance   has   declined   in   2012. Therefore   the   reputation  of  the  clinic  gradually  goes  down. So  that  in  2013,  Myanmar  Medics  Co. ,Ltd. was  being   acquisition   by   Diamond   Stars   Group   of   companies   which   is   operating   in   various   industries   in   Myanmar. The  organization  will  be  reformed  by  the  encouragement  of  our  chairman. Profile   Name  Ã‚      Location         –  Myanmar  Imperial  Clinic  (MIC)     Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Hledan,  Kamaryut  Township   –  8520  sqft   –  6  stories  building     Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  40  bedded  general  health  care  centre   ? 166  employees Compound  Size  Ã‚   Building  Ã‚   Type      Size Fifth  Floor Fourth  Floor Third  Floor Second  Floor First  Floor Ground  Floor Building  Information Ground  Floor   –  Reception,  Emergency,  Pharmacy,  Lab,   Cashier First  Floor  Ã‚   –  15  Outpatient  Rooms,  Waiting  Area,   Store Second  Floor  Ã‚   –  1  Operation  Theatre,  1  Labour  Room,   10  Inpatient  Rooms  for  OG Third  Floor  Ã‚   –  20  Inpatient  Rooms  for  Medicine  Ã‚   Child Fourth  Floor  Ã‚   –  1  Operation  Theatre,  10  Surgical   Inpatient  Rooms Fifth  Floor   – Clinical  Office    Proposal  for  the  Restructure  of  the  Organization   (1)  Long  Term  Plan/Strategy      Vision:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Being   a   provider   of   health   care   service   renown   for   compassion,   sympathy   and   respect   on   human  being  in  pursuit  of  own  healthy  and  well  being  state  by  applying  high  quality  tools   and   skilful   professional   in   ensuring   long   term   effectiveness,   MIC   stands   for   saving   your   money,  time  and  lives. Mission:   With   knowledge,   skill   and   passion,   we   all   do   value   and   respect   our   patients   and   clients’   desires. We  value  our  patients  as  the  way  we  value  our  professional. We  care  our  patients  as  the  way  we  do  to  our  family. We  practice  our  best  knowledge  in  our  work. Objectives:   To  increases  overall  satisfaction  rates  of  patients,  employees,  doctors  and  visitors. To  ensure  patients  receive  the  ultimate  care  and  medical  attention  to  bring  about  a  speedy   recovery. To  increase  range  of  services  for  customer  needs  and  demands. To  maintain  safe  and  hygienic  environment. To  achieve  99%  of  patient  Ã‚  feedback   To  provide  early  diagnosis  and  affective  treatment  to  all  clients  with  different  diseases. To  be  recognized  our  clinic  as  a  trusted  obstetrical  clinic  within  the  first  three  years. To  expand  our  service  in  diagnostic  and  treatment  year  by  year. To  improve  and  maintain  our  treatment  procedures  and  emergency  services (1. 1) ? (1. 2) ? ? ? ? (1. 3) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4   (2)Fundamental  Characteristics  of  Organization  Ã‚   (2. 1)  Old  Organization  Structure  versus  New  Organization  Structure   Our  organization  structure  allows  for  its  efficient  management. Here  is  the  l evel  s  of  management   and  the  activities  of  specific  departments  within  each  level. Old  Organization  Structure New  Organization  Structure 5   (2. 2)  Work  Specialization   To  achieve  competency  of  each  and  every  staff,  a  proper  and  distinctive  job  descriptions  is  vital. (2. 2. 1)  Marketing  Department  Ã‚   ? ? ? Survey  the  market  situation  and  changes  Ã‚   Analyse  the  customers’  feedback   Develop  Ã‚  marketing  strategies  and  mix (2. 2. 2)  Finance  Department   ? ? ? Manage  and  oversee  budgeting  Ã‚   Report   income   statement,   statement   of   financial   report   and   statement   of   cash   flow   to   executive  level   Manage  income  and  expenditure. (2. 2. 3)  Administrative  Department   ? ? ? ? Support  and  coordinate  the  operation  of  the  individual  department   Establish  hospital  policies  and  procedures   Perform  Ã‚  public  relations   Supervise   maintenance   service,   information   service,   housekeeping   and   transportation   services (2. 2. 4)  Human  Resources  Department   ? ? ? ? ? Perform  job  analysis,  job  description,  job  specification,  job  allocation  and  j ob  rotation   Recruitment   Training  and  development  Ã‚   Create  safety  and  pleasant  environment  Ã‚   Negotiate  with  the  visiting  specialists   HR  Planning (2. 2. 5)  Medical  Service  Department   ? ? ? ?             For   doctors   ? to   diagnose   problems,   prescribe   medicines,   be   ready   to   on   call,   to   make   regular  rounding  and  monitoring  patients   For  nurses  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  to  emphasize  on  nursing  care  Ã‚   For  lab  technicians  ? to  support  with  accurate  diagnosis  and  to  maintain  medical  laboratory  Ã‚   equipment For  Pharmacist  ? to  monitor  the  storage  and  quality  of  drug 6   (2. )  Chain  of  Command   â€Å"An  unbroken  line  of  authority  that  links  all  the  persons  in  an  organization  and  shows  who  reports   to   whom†Ã‚  (Myanmar  Imperial  College  2013,  Pre? Master  Course  of  Business  Administration,  p? 60)   In   a   clinic,   a   proper   and   clarified   chain   of   command   is   the   fundamental   requirement   to   maintain   and  precede  medical  procedures. Within  the  clinical  departments,  all  the  junior  medical  doctors  must  report  information  concerning   with   patient   to   senior   medical   doctors. These   senior   medical   doctors   have   to   report   only   the   necessary  complaints  and  patient’s  conditions  to  the  principal  medical  doctors. Master  Course  of  Business  Administration,  p. 62)   On   the   clinic   side,   the   span   of   management   of   manager   ranges   from   10   to   20   while   the   administrative  side  the  span  of  management  is  less  than  10. Our  organization  require  less  supervision  because  of   ? ? ? Daily  work  procedures  of  medical  staff  are  quite  stable,  routine  and  repetitive  (eg. History   taking  and  clinical  examination  and  monitoring,  injection)   Staffs  are  concentrated  in  single  location  (e. g. If  the  staff  suits  with  his  current  position  and   if  he  does  not  want  to  shift,  we  will  maintain  his  place)

Healthy People Essay Example for Free

Healthy People Essay 1. What is the mission of Healthy People 2020? They strive to identify nationwide health improvement priorities. They strive to increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health, disease, and disability and the opportunities. They strive to provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, State, and local levels. They strive to engage multiple sectors to take action to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven by the best available evidence and knowledge. They strive to identify critical research, evaluation, and data collection needs. 2. List five new topic areas for Healthy People 2020? Older Adults Preparedness Disease Sleep Health Early and Middle Childhood 3. Select one topic area from Healthy People 2020. What is the goal of the topic? What is one objective of the topic? Why is this topic and objective important? Increase public knowledge of how adequate sleep and treatment of sleep disorders improve health, productivity, wellness, quality of life, and safety on roads and in the workplace. Increase the proportion of persons with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea who seek medical evaluation Increase the proportion of persons with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea who seek medical evaluation The topic and objective is important because we all need sleep and if we cannot sleep then we need to find out  why we can’t sleep. 4. What part of the website did you find most useful? The topics and objectives 5. What resources located on this website would you consider using in the future? All of them because the site is very help for everything. 6. Which part of the website did you find to be the most interesting? The about me section cause I found what the site was about and how useful it will be. How Much Am I Actually Eating? For many people, the most difficult part about following a diet is understanding what constitutes a serving size. How many servings of meat are you actually getting in that double cheeseburger? The dietary guidelines are relatively easy to follow once you establish a frame of reference for serving sizes. Do your definitions of serving size differ from those of your friends, the restaurant around the corner, or your dining hall? Do you need to make some adjustments? Learning to do so goes a long way toward helping one live a healthful life. Go to the following website to examine your visual reality about serving sizes: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/chd/visualreality/visualreality.htm. Follow the instructions and check your visual reality. You will learn to read food labels and eventually be able to determine standard serving sizes simply by looking at them. After completing the visual reality exercise, answer the questions below. How well did you do? Were you generally in agreement with the quiz? I did okay. Somewhat I was in agreement with the quiz.

Relevance of Martin Luther King

Relevance of Martin Luther King Abstract: This extended essay is about ‚‘‘ Is Martin Luther King‘s speech, ‘I have a dream as relevant today as it was in 1963?‘‘. Comparison of the similarities between Martin Luther King speech, August 1963 and Barrack Obama victory speech, June 8th 2008, the similarities took place to be described. The emotions that Martin Luther King and Barrack Obama evoked, by touching the sensible hearts of humanity dreams, wishes and hopes that built up after many years. The key aspects of both ‘I have a dream and ‘yes we can, it is what everybody wish and dream about the American dream is a soul which lives in everybody, it is the share of basic humanity needs to live safe and non-ignorant life. How have the socio economic, political values, education, employment, housing changed in Black America between 1963 and 2008. Why have these changes come only now? The aim is to analyze looking at the facts from the past and today, to see the wide range of connected dreams and how they were achieved. Is Martin Luther King‘s speech, ‘I have a dream as relevant today as it was in 1963? Who are we, we ask sometimes our selves. We are the characters of the communities and families. We have a list of things to do. If we proceed according to the plan, sense of proportion, even dreams and wishes can come true. Belief and understanding is more essential to us today than it was before. What we want to see is changes and evolvement over time in society, how does it differ today than before and what were the right decisions made to overcome problems that laid the roots long ago in the U.S and global societies. Why only now have these changes occurred? Martin Luther King was one of the greatest fighters of human rights, and injustices, towards the black community and other races. Barrack Obama was a candidate for the presidents of the United States. He spoke his speech to make changes which related to what Martin Luther King started in 1963. A comparison of key elements in Martin Luther Kings dreams and Barrack Obama changes, and the improvement is measured in statistics by race, is a key focus of this research. After years these changes can be related to both men and their visions of America, being less discriminative, positive and free. The key elements of the dreams and changes in both speeches are related to statistics of socio economic and political values, education, employment rates and housing in black America today. Martin Luther Kings dream is full of emotion which was and still is supreme. These emotions were picked up by America‘s hip hop music artists and used as inspiration to support Barrack Obama, who has influenced younger generations to separate bad from good, to follow their dream with crates of hope and bravery, by simply repeating ‘yes we can, like Martin Luther King did, repeating ‘I have a dream. How far did Martin Luther Kings dreams went through over the years? Martin Luther King was born on 15th of January, 1929 and died on the 4th of April, 19681. Martin Luther King was a man with a dream, which has lasted even after his death. He is an example for people and he spoke his words of his dream in front of millions of people and the message was delivered across the world as a result, because discrimination is not only in America, its found all over the world and today there are more and more people who live in one country with many different races in peace, demonstrating that Martin Luther Kings dream is moving down the path to reality. In 1963, Martin Luther King shared his dream with us, his dream was so big and powerful that it exploded from his mouth that day on August 28th 2 into something beautiful and heart touching. The racism was inside people and no matter that the law said that everyone must be equal in every way. Since industrialization, other races that have come to live in, or were living in U.S. and looking for a better future were competing with US citizens, being cheaper labor, willing to work more hours were achieved with less pay in return. Poor living conditions were the peoples concerns reaching financial stability, raising children and giving them education. This never happened, because some white Americans, were without jobs, blamed other races for their fate and turned to a form of hate, physical violence as well as mental abuse. New gangs were introduced in society who worshiped Nazis. The ‘Ku Klux Klan3, it is very famous across the U.S. and globe for their actions and rituals against other races. The burning cross symbolizes a black man burning on it as a sacrifice, white robes also tells us that the members think they are in a war where blacks go against whites. The Am erican dream was far away. The American dream is simply what it says, a dream. Its about hope, the goals that you want for yourself and everyone around you, and if everyone is happy around you, then you are satisfied too. The things you want for yourself, your children and further generations, will be sustained through progress, not repeating the past, but progressing to the materialistic and equal prosperity. Identification of: Martin Luther King dreams  ´When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and Declaration of Independence ´4 Martin Luther King meant the significance of signing a promissory, or in other words, the American dream. Every American has their rights. Every person who lives in U.S. is the same human that creates economic wealth by filling the work place. Every one of them must be treated the same. The same in a way that people salaries are not taken down just because of their skin color or the way they look. Every human is working for himself with emotions, the right to speak and express the ideas freely. The word ‘No can be taken as a right decision but only when the conditions do not allow for something to happen. To improve the condition of the state and human rights for everyone, we have to say yes, to ‘I have a dream. ‘Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all Gods children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. 5 Martin Luther King, was not only taking a good look in U.S. at the time, in his words he mentioned Gods children, which means every single one of us on this planet have to step out of the quick sand of racial injustice. Does it look like a formula, for having a better understanding of life, for having a need to live for something; to love everyone around you; to see everyday happy smiling faces without hatred?: it is a formula which is attempted but never fully fulfilled for the complete result, is the solid rock of brotherhood. There is the word, ‘believer. Martin Luther King believed with all his heart that he could make a change. He was a man who had a lot of emotions that been held in his chest for a long time. A Black man with a dream, who rose up and gave a piece of intelligence and poetry to everyone revealed that he is the same person who does not discriminate, but asked to collaborate without racial ranking. ‘Little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers .6 The dream is a union. Martin Luther King played with faith to look at the blind truth that was buried under discrimination. Together he played a beautiful symphony of brotherhood, turned hatred to hope to recreate things that could be sorted out without fear of harassment, living in a world full of melody, where song are played by an orchestra that relies on the unification of many different personalities. And the conductor who leads the song should be a man, who never fail to unite the sounds and personalities that map the continuous melody of brotherhood. The past is still difficult to look back at; black Americans have been discriminated and for the worse, enslaved. History proved to us that Blacks couldn‘t do many things including work, use services, eat or even live where ever they wanted to. Discrimination also included political issues, for example, voting. Studying generations who had different features were not allowed or even forced out of universities. Poverty was everywhere in black society. Today is a different story. Black race are offered more for professional jobs. Many Blacks enter universities and pass to get a degree; there are many Black politicians and participants in elections. All of this sounds way better. House Purchase Power Home buying power by race ranking in U.S.A 7 Race 1994yr 2007yr % change in buying power since 94 1.White (non-Hispanic) 70.0 75.2 5.2% 2. Asian American 51.3 60.0 8.7% 3. Native American 51.7 56.9 5.2% 4. African American 42.3 47.2 4.9% 5. Hispanic or Latino 41.2 49.7 8.5% It can be seen white Americans have had the most opportunities to buy houses. Asians and Native Americans do not differ a lot, it is 4.9 percent and they are in the second and third places of house buying power. Fourth and fifth place in homeownership goes to African Americans, followed by Hispanics. Over 13 years, Hispanic and Latinos had the lowest number homeowners together with African Americans. The majority of other races, not whites, were zigzagging or slowly growing on the scale of homeownership. Looking at the house purchase power we can see that everything takes time. Patience is what makes you think of many ways how to make a real statement or in this case, Martin Luther Kings dreams are slowly becoming realistic. A dream is when reality issues collide with dreams and the manner of accepting, the changes. Something that Martin Luther King spoke about was a realistic dream that continues up till today and further into our future, a never ending emotion. ‘With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together , to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. 8 The land of opportunities a great nation, this must become true not only on paper, but also in human actions, behavior and acceptance to change together to become newborn fresh minded people who can thrive together so as to be united and wealthy. One person is somewhere, very close in the shape to the problem solver and in the shape of a true black American who has the same rights to speak, but has a different rank. Miracle and fantasy, many are starting to think of how simple it could be to migrate to a location with a purpose, where the creation of a good atmosphere is implied in every human characteristic, with no racial injustice or prejudices. If we had known how to make it all bright at the beginning of the start, then what way would we now understand as the differences in life? If we had only one way of thinking, or only one culture, maybe we would not have to fight for riches, or dreams. And what our governments want can be expressed in many different ways. Resources, wealth, mental and physical control of society, use of the workforce or fulfillment of citizen needs are the factors that our governments have the power to create. Can we think that maybe we are the figures on a chessboard and we can only be moved when its time for the good move, well planned for us by someone who has ‘the right to think he is no better than everyone? Martin Luther King woke up these chess figures, gave those eyes and told them to look around, gave them emotions so they think about the past, gave these figures faith that they would be free one day to move along their own lifes path. Key elements: Barack Obama and Martin Luther King dreams. Martin Luther King 9 (I have a dream) 1-I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. 2-I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. 3-I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. 4-I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. 5-I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream, the one that was shared among the crowds and nation hearts and emotions, hope that traveled through great Mississippi river and valleys and mountains of America spread traveled like a billions of spears infected with emotion crossing our hearts and crippling us for a moment to think about how to heal the old scars. Martin Luther King gives us confident belief in truth, a stick has two ends, although some believe in karma that better days will come, bad influences will get their part as being in hell or treated for their actions, where good influence stays as positive and inviting energy that seeks for truth will have its turn and among the other states which will transform. Barrack Obama 10 (Yes we can) 1-Change is a foreign policy that doesnt begin and end with a war that shouldve never been authorized and never been waged. 2- Change is realizing that meeting todays threats requires not just our firepower, but the power of our diplomacy tough, direct diplomacy where the President of the United States isnt afraid to let any petty dictator know where America stands and what we stand for. 3- Change is building an economy that rewards not just wealth, but the work and workers who created it. Its understanding that fiscal responsibility and shared prosperity can go hand-in-hand. Barrack Obama described the changes in a simple manner that everyone could understand, what can be changed. The need for transformation leads to people who feel for it and proudly say ‘yes we can with a power of diplomacy that comes together with equal decisions, justice and pride in the brotherhood of U.S citizens and all over the world. Including truth, that we all are humans, with less discrimination and injustice we shall learn to work hand in hand and be trustworthy in accepting new ideas from any source, in peace and with attention. An answer to the threat should be not thinking about tactics to overpower, but to think how to think diplomatically. Emotions Barack Obama Barack Obama has steadily moved his political career towards the presidents chair of the United Stated of America. He‘s a great man who loves his family and his friends. He respects his country as well as its citizens who live in U.S. or abroad. His victory speech, was somewhat related to Martin Luther King speech ‘I have a dream‘. Barack Obama used a powerful emotion to enter people hearts projecting truth and causing emotions to go over the sides. Yes we can is a strong force of power that is hidden in these three simple words, and reminds of Martin Luther King ‘I have a dream which is a metaphor for ‘time for a change a dream that is meant to come true. However Barack Obama had a lot of support from a hip hop idol, the richest hip hop artist Jay Z, who wrote a song called ‘History11. The song was about the American history time line of injustice, racism, prejudice, those who fought the barriers of injustice. Jay Zs song relates to Martin Luther King and Barack Obama speeches in the shape of support and truth that one man can make a change together in a bond of hope and time which is kept as a the key to the American dream. They are remembered and today used in Obamas campaign for elections as inspiration. How Barrack Obama was accepted to number one ‘A success is like lust, which is good for the touch Which is good for the moment, but she`s never enough 12 Barack Obama and his staff invested time and money for their plans and deep thoughts to come up with a great victory plan, they were very simple and effective. There were plenty of advertisements, getting his message to sparkle and shine and the use of common technology (internet websites; e.g. Facebook, Blackberries) that everybody use nowadays. Music writers supported his positive ambitions. Jay-Z helped a lot with his ‘History song, and supported Barack Obama. It all sounds like a good plan. Maybe its only the cherry on the top of the cakes, making it all believable that he is the man who can bring changes to society and the economy. He is someone who understands in which century he is living. People joined him, inspired by their connection to him because he showed a direction everyone wanted to see their nation heading towards. Well everybody loves truth, but is that all? Barack Obamas great speech resulted in a massive number of votes not determined by race or age13. Martin Luther Kings dream has been re- awakened. President Barack Obamas speech to the crowds of people on his primary election night on June 3rd 2008, said: ‘And, because all the million people, you believed that this year must be different than all the rest 14. Can Barrack Obama change voter opinions? They only listen, but can they also tell that Martin Luther King dream of equality is being awoken again? President Obamas success brought many hopes and dreams that were re-awakened from deep down of our memories to continue what we like and think is positive. The ideas behind great speech will have to be completed gradually if the President wants to lead America, to be a good leader he must continue to be the one who awakens the dreams in all of us. Votes for President Barrack Obama by race and age: White Americans voted between fifty four percent and forty percent, African Americans voted between ninety six percent and ninety four percent.15 Do we still face racism? Martin Luther Kings dream is relevant today and the country is going in a positive direction more and more when we look at the graph. People don‘t know what‘s going to happen now or later, they have an idea, but maybe Barrack Obama will run out of time to complete his promises and will increase the skepticism amongst Americans. We should never wish for any quick fix. Americans wished for quick changes in socio-economic-issues politics from a person they believed had the power to say everything Americans wanted to hear. ‘As the crowd screams, for the other team I practice so hard for this moment victory don`t lead I know what this means, I`m stuck in this routine Whole new different day, but the same old things All I got is dreams, but nobody else could see Nobody else believe, nobody else but me Where are you victory, I need you desperately Not just for the moment, to make history16. Jay-Z gives a perfect description of a man who has determined himself to make a change. In the election Barack Obama fought with his heart and brain; the same routine every day, but he knew that when he won, the change wouldnt come as fast as many people hope. Hes eager to make difference, and wants to be recorded in history with his actions as change. Not too young, not too old, he has lived in the same conditions as every American, he is smart enough to hold the weight of all the states in the U.S. on his shoulders, to be proven only in four year future. The next four years are the imprint for Barack Obama, its time to change the history and sort out good from bad. Martin Luther King had a problem, himself, that he was black and in 1963 there was way more racism and race/religious crimes. Today we look at another black man Barack Obama and we do not turn our backs on him; character is the key point of human identification and so we follow the brotherhood. Socio economic indicators in America The unemployment rate of black and white Americans comparison Between 1990 and 2000 the unemployment rate for black Americans declined by 0.4 percent, and at the same time between 1990 and 2000 white Americans unemployment rate declined by 0.1 percent. By the year 2000 the unemployment rate had increased for both, black and white races. Factually referring to the statistics black Americans had doubled their unemployment rate up to 8.3 percent and white Americans also has doubled their unemployment rate up to 4.2 percent, half less unemployment than Blacks .17 As mentioned before we can see that U.S citizens have differentiated unemployment rates, thus we can say that this data is telling us that black Americans were more likely to be unemployed. However whites were too, but not that much. Decline in unemployment rate 2000 White Black Decline 4.2 8.3 1990 White Black Decline 0.1 0.4 The statistics tells us again that it takes time for the wishes to be achieved, and be attained. Martin Luther King spoke about ‘slaves and owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood18 and that relies on the recovery of economic growth which Barack Obama explained as everything comes ‘in fits and starts19. It takes time to create jobs and on 2008 the amount of money that was given 787 billion dollars into U.S economy has saved and created one million employments this year in 2009 20. It is clear that Martin Luther Kings speech, ‘I have a dream is in the hands of Barack Obama. We are still fighting for equality, but we cant push the development time forward. Changes: Poverty, racism and alienation have blossomed in America in the past. Hate overwhelms society, when it creates victims. Issues like race, religion, sexual orientation or other, have come to be related with crimes. The Black community has been hated till the last breath in the past. At last all these negativities made about other races are starting to go away. Generally, Black Americans have had a big influence in American history, even though society forced them to live together in the shadows. Today Blacks are offered for more professional jobs. Many of them enter universities and pass to get a degree; many are politicians and there is no better evidence than Barack Obama. The Black middle class is much more accepted today in America and their success has showed changes in many ways. Multiracial celebrities many poets, writers and intelligentsia are highly visible. The changes from 1963 till 2009 are different. In 1963 when Martin Luther King gave his speech, American people were le ss knowledgeable with the spiritual side of human, thus relied on simply surviving. Taking the journey to year 2009, emotions are put in first place there is a serious tone to issues and there is an effort to find a solution by talking. Conclusion People trust in what they see these days more than before. Money and power is what we see and hold clear our hands. But one person who was seen and heard by many of us, Martin Luther King, was not about money or power, he was about giving hope and changing the hearts of people. Barack Obama is a person who respects Martin Luther Kings issues that appear to be with us today. Both society characters were acting for Americas sake to make a difference in emotions, political values, education accessibility, unemployment rates and housing. All these issues were related to both of their characters and, who knows, maybe Martin Luther Kings speech will be needed again to touch our hearts. We can see the truth, over in time if Barack Obama fulfills his great ideas that have blossomed with joy and celebration from the American people. Truly united, and there shall be equality. Not only about racial justice, but for there to be equality there must be a materialistic support and education for every person. This should be the prime assistance for countrys development. We choose the way we want to live and Martin Luther King was a man who thought a way of living in equality, to create no boundaries for his fellow US citizens and humanity worldwide. The spread of the connected dreams takes time to collect and fulfill, but we are going in the right direction with the right amount of listeners today compared to before. Think of what we have, what we miss and what can be done to fight the barriers of insecurity or uncertainty in life. Barack Obama has chosen his words greatly to re unite the country and its citizens. Being a President with ability to talk to crowds of deserved people who have every piece of expression in that speech, this is amazingly unifying. Barrack Obama made people believe in what he believes, introducing people to non ignorant life and uncovering those pathways that Martin Luther King took really carefully. Barack Obama is relevant to continue Martin Luther Kings dream and the spirit living in the lines of the speech can never be destroyed or be irrelevant in the future, it is a treasure that was shared with us for generations. Footnotes 1- http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1964/king-bio.html entered September 28th 2009, page 1. 2- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 3- http://www.kkk.com November 5th 2009, page 1. 4- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 5- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 6- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 7- http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/75/US_home_ownership_by_race.png , http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883976.html entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 8-http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 9-http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1. 10- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html entered September 5th 2009, page 1. 11-http://www.kovideo.net/lyrics/j/Jay-Z/History.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 12-http://www.kovideo.net/lyrics/j/Jay-Z/History.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 13- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 14- http://images.google.nl/imgres?imgurl=http://allotherpersons.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/percent-who-voted-for-obama.png%3Fw%3D657%26h%3D329imgrefurl=http://allotherpersons.wordpress.com/2009/04/09/the-color-of-the-young-vote-2008/usg=__XEMS7cJ2bVDHWR86kCOaJI_wjOQ=h=329w=657sz=8hl=nlstart=15um=1tbnid=2O4bgvMn2_jqsM:tbnh=69tbnw=138prev=/images%3Fq%3DPercent%2Bvoted%2Bfor%2BBarrack%2Bobama%2Bby%2Brace%2Band%2Bage%26hl%3Dnl%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1 entered September 5th 2009, page 1. 15- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html entered September 11th 2009, page 1. 16-http://www.kovideo.net/lyrics/j/Jay-Z/History.html entered November 18th 2009. 17-http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2008/04/minorities_economy.html 18- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm entered October 12th 2009, page 1 19- http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=113426838 entered November 2nd 2009. Page1. 20-http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=113426838 entered November 2nd 2009. Page1. Bibliography 1- http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1964/king-bio.html Martin Luther King Biography. Nobel Lectures, Peace 1951-1970, Editor Frederick W. Haberman, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1972 2- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 3- http://www.kkk.com Ku Klux Klan; Pastor Thomas Robb; USA racist clan. 4- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 5- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 6- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 7- http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883976.html Changes in home ownership by race in U.S.A from 1996 2007. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/75/US_home_ownership_by_race.png Changes in home ownership by race in U.S.A from 1964 2005 graph. 8- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 9- http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm Martin Luther King speech, delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C., Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr Intellectual Properties Management One Freedom Plaza 449 Auburn Avenue NE Atlanta, GA 30312 Fax: 404-526-8969 10- http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/03/obamas-nomination-victory_n_105028.html Remarks of Senator Barack Obama Final Primary Night Tuesday, June 3rd, 2008 St. Paul, Minnesota; The Huffington post 06 3 08 11-http://www.kovideo.n

The Flat Tax :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Taxation has always been a major controversy. Just like any major corporation, the government is constantly looking to raise revenue. The easiest and fairest way to do this is by taxing the people. However, how the people will be taxed is always an issue.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The current tax system that the United States uses contains several flaws. First of all, it is very complex. It is comprised of many various variables that can create loopholes. These loopholes can cause two equal income families to be paying very different tax rates. In fact, there are 480 different types of tax forms (Website). The current tax system is also very unfair for the wealthy. Because it is a progressive tax, it is higher for people who have higher incomes. People should not be punished for being successful. If a flat tax policy were instituted, then it would simplify the complicated tax system, create fairness within the economy, and promote a desire to thrive financially.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The flat tax would simplify the tax system because instead of filling out a variety of complicated forms, a person would only need to tell the IRS how much money they make, then give the percent of that amount. This would dissolve all of the loopholes that exist within the current system. It would cut back on the opportunities for unethical people to cheat. If the flat tax system were taken, taxpayers would save 94% in compliance costs (Website).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The flat tax will make taxes fair for all people. No matter what race a person is, what social class a person is in, or who they’re friends with, they will end up paying the same rate. Every single taxpayer will have to sacrifice just as much of his or her life as the next person down the road. One of the three main reasons for taxes is to maintain fairness. This is most reasonable ways to maintain fairness. The wealthy will still be paying more money than the poor person, but they both have the same tax burden.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because all economic brackets are taxed equally under a flat tax, earning more money is no longer discouraged. Because there are no more marginal tax rates, people will have incentive to work more without worrying that the extra money they make will be taxed higher. It is said that the economy would grow by 5.

Lebanese Awakening :: history

Lebanese Awakening Under the Ottoman Empire, the Lebanese enjoyed a social & cultural development phase that was flourishing. The Lebanese Christians kept good ties with the Europeans that would occasionally visit and spread their influence. The Ottoman reform had an impact on every part of the Empire, including a major role in Lebanon. The Muslims recognized the strength and superiority of the western military; therefore they adopted some of the westerners’ methods. The Muslims feared the western domination, but were subject to change for scientific enhancements. However, the Lebanese were living through a â€Å"ray of freedom† in which they wanted to modernize and enhance their ways of life. The population density in Lebanon was crowded and that kept people in communities. The Lebanese are also open to foreign influence. They now have secure lives and own property. Some young Lebanese went to Italy to become priests. Of them, some went on to spread Orientalism in Paris and Rome while the rest came back to open schools to preach in. During the 18th century the influence from Roman graduates started to show. Through the church reforms, education was spreading through the opening of schools in Bqrqasha, Louwaze and Zougharta. In the 18th century, the best Maronite education was in Ayn Waraqa. These graduates carried on to become powerful figures through the 19th century. The Greek Catholics came from Syria to Lebanon to join the maronites and improve literacy. Main problem was that only well-off families could be educated while the rest stayed ignorant. The Muslims didn’t want the Arabic language to be used because they considered it sacred and holy. The only education Islamic people taught were religion and the Koran. In return the Druze and Greek Orthodox were the only ones left without superfluous educational levels. Besides the Druze protected their holy texts so much they had nothing to learn. The next problem rose with the lack of books. As schools opened, there were less and less books available because they were handwritten. The press could not use Arabic because of the Muslims so they used Syriac. First books written were about religion, and then eventually developed into culture. The cultural movement didn’t have a popular effect, because only a minority was getting educated. Niqula Turk was a pioneering Lebanese poet that awakened new ambitions among his younger contemporaries. Al-Turk represented a wide literary movement in which more poets were rising such as Butrus Karam.

What influences demand for housing? :: Economics

What influences demand for housing? There are many key factors that will affect the demand for housing some of the easy ones to notice are population and price. These factors effect lots of goods as the larger amount of people the more consumers there will be. With price a consumer will always wish to pay the lowest amount for a good. If the price gets to high then they will find a substitute. Looking at population in more detail it isn't as simple as it would first appear. You could just say the public will buy a house and the more public there is there is more demand for the good. This in turn would allow housing companies to charge larger prices and so only the rich can afford it. The problem is that people don't have to buy a house they can rent one or share one. As well as these factors they can take out a loan to buy the house and pay it back over a period of time. Loan companies charge interest and when interest rates are low more people take out loans as they don't have to pay back such a large sum of money. With lots of loans companies coming up, it has become very easy for anyone to get loan whatever their background is like. Renting a house can be done in lots of ways. Some people make their career in it they buy lots of houses and rent them to people who are unable to buy a house. This is good for people who are only in the country for a short period of time, as you can charge them large amounts because of the location of your house. Some people don't have any money at all and are in a bad economic state and are given a house/flat by the council. They still have to pay money to live in the house but less than from private rent business. Private rent businesses are there to make a profit and will charge higher prices and have better quality goods to match. When looking at price it normally goes on a set pattern that as high prices means less demand and vis versa. The problem was this didn't happen and looking at figure 4.8. This is due to the low interest rates charged by loan companies mentioned above. When addressing others factors you need to look at the country and is it going through some sort of event. During a depression people are find it hard to get a job due to high unemployment. With this the demand for new house with the public wouldn't become a luxury that

Political Economies

Contemporary political economies are mixtures of fascism, socialism, capitalism, anarchism, etc. Most of them stress aspects of certain systems more than those of others but in each one will find a mixture. Recent largely fascist systems are those of Mussolini's Italy, Peron's Argentina, Hitler's Third Reich, Chavez' Venezuela, and several of recent Middle Eastern regimes (e. g. , Libya), Egypt, et al. So called communist regimes are also effectively fascist since they tend to be ruled by an undemocratic group of rulers†e. . , North Korea, Cuba. Welfare Statism The welfare state or, from the economic viewpoint, the mixed economy, may be understood as a combination of the principles of capitalism and socialism. Sometimes the emphasis in this system is placed not so much on economic as on certain moral considerations. Basically the welfare state consists of a legal system that aims at securing for everyone the negative right to liberty and the positive right to well being.The wel fare state, which is to say most Western countries, balances the two values that together seem to its advocates to be the bedrock of a civilized society. No one ought to have his or her sovereignty seriously compromised, nor should anyone be permitted to fall below a certain standard of living. This is difficult to maintain ecause at different times one or another of these objectives will probably take priority and in mostly democratic systems political leaders will vacillate between giving more support to one or the other.The right to strike, for example, which is the negative liberty to quit one's Job in an effort to gain respect for one's terms of employment, may conflict with the positive right to be provided with various services–e. g. , health care, mail delivery or education. It is indeed a prominent feature of the welfare state that both negative and positive rights receive their legal protection. Negative rights involve respect for a person's life, liberty and proper ty–that is, everyone is by law supposed to abstain from interfering with these.Positive rights, in turn, involve respect for a person's basic needs–that is, everyone who is unable to secure the requirements ot survival and even tlourishing is supposed to have those provided by way of the appropriate public policy (e. g. , taxation, mandated services, public education, national health care). The moral underpinnings of the welfare state can be utilitarianism, altruism or certain intuitively held moral precepts. Utilitarianism requires that all pursue the eneral welfare and whatever public policies to facilitate this were needed would be justified.Although many utilitarians believe that the general welfare is best achieved when government operates in a largely laissez-faire fashion, there is no objection to government intervention in social affairs if without those many in the society may fail to achieve a decent and prosperous form of life. Altruists, in turn, often hold that to make certain that people fulfill their primary obligation to help others, it is necessary to introduce public measures that will secure such help, given that many might wish o breach their duty to do the right thing.Finally, there is the claim that by our common intuitions it is evident that both a measure of personal liberty and social welfare must be guaranteed to all, lest the quality of life in society fall below what it should be. While people object to the welfare state from several other perspectives, it is thought by its supporters to be the most stable modern political orders. Although it is characterized by much dispute and controversy, in the long run, its supporters maintain, the system seems to be overall satisfactory and Just.

Person centred approaches Essay

Implement person centred approaches in health and social care 1.1 Define person-centred values. 1.2 Explain why it is important to work in away that embeds person centred values. The underlying purpose of â€Å"Person-centred values† is to ensure that the individual needing care is placed at the very centre of the decision making process about their life, the services and support they want and need. Therefore, under this strict system, the person is always placed at the very centre of the planning of the care programme required, in that he or she will always be consulted and that his or her views will always come first. Therefore the plan is tailor-made to that particular person, and it should include all aspects of care, from the Social and Health Services, from that individual’s family and from the voluntary sector. This is the current policy and it applies to those people with learning disabilities, mental health problems, and physical disabilities, to older people who need support, and to young people making their transition to adulthood. To place the person at the centre certain values must be upheld: Individuality (everyone’s differences must be recognised and respected), Choice (for individuals to be able to make own choices and be in control of own life), Privacy (information and activities must be kept confidential), Independence (empowering individuals to do activities for themselves) and dignity (be treated in a respectful way). It is vital for the social care worker to work using these precise methods to establish the needs and wishes of the individual. This will also mean that individuals will feel empowered and in control of their lives, be more confident about making decisions, will feel valued and respected. 1.3 Explain why risk taking can be part of a person centred approach. The person centred approach to risk includes making an assessment with the people involved in the plan such as the individual, their relatives and other professionals. Risk taking is part of a person-centred approach as this empowers individuals to have choices about what they want to do in their lives as well as to be part of their community. Not allowing individuals to take risks can have a negative impact on an individual’s life to not live it as they wish. 1.4 Explain how using an individuals care plan contributes to working in a person centred way. To be person-centred the person must always be at the centre of their care plan. This means that individuals must always to be consulted and their views must always come first. Therefore, no two care plans are alike because each individual is different from another. Each individual should be involved at every stage of their care plan; from deciding who to involve, how to meet the individual’s needs, the support required and how to feedback on how the care plan is working. 3.1 Explain the importance of establishing consent when providing care and support. 3.3 Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established. It is always very important to establish the consent of the individual when providing any care or support programme or procedure. This is essential so as to include that individual with any decision-making, in order to ensure that they do not feel left out, ignored; in this way they can understand and agree to that element of their care or support. I would discuss the problem, that consent cannot be established, with the supervisor or manager of the home, and, if necessary, the individual’s doctor and advocate. I would also make a record of this, which I would sign and date. 4.1 Describe how active participation benefits an individual. 4.2 Identify possible barriers to active participation. Active participation benefits the individual because that person is always made to feel that he or she is continually important, and that things are done for their benefit, with their consent. This ensures a positive approach for the individual that makes them an active part of how they choose to live and puts them first as the focus. Barriers can take several forms – the emotions, the disabilities, and the attitudes of the individual concerned, any or all of which can deter active participation by that individual in any activity or action. Similarly barriers exist if social care workers’ attitudes and approaches do not value active participation, strict routines and lack of training on using the active participation approach can also be barriers. 5.3 Explain why a workers personal views should not influence an individuals choices. The care worker’s personal views may well simply rule things out for the individual being cared for, because the worker might take a subjective position rather than looking to find creative solutions for that individual. Such a stance could prevent the individual from making informed choices about their care. Therefore, personal views should never influence the choices of any individual as this also goes against their rights and can make an individual feel pressurised to agree. 5.4 Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others. When others make decisions for the individual, the care worker should talk to the individual to ask that person whether he or she understands what has been decided for them. Once the individual understands those decisions, he or she should be encouraged to state whether they agree with them. If not, then that individual should be enabled to question and challenge them either  themselves, through the social care worker or an advocate. 6.1 Explain how individual identity and self esteem are linked with well being. 6.2 Describe attitudes and approaches that are likely too promote an individuals well being. Maintaining an individual’s identity is done by always recognising that person as a human being, not a number – identity is who the person is. Ensuring that the individual IS important and that their views and concerns are always dealt with in a positive and caring manner will always ensure that person is valued and has a high self-esteem. All this will contribute to their sense of well being. By always ensuring that the individual is treated in a professional, kind, caring and courteous way, their sense of well-being is always assured. Care workers can also make sure that they use a number of different approaches – empowering approaches that enable the individual to take control, a positive approach that encourages the individual to feel good, working in a trusting and professional way enables a good relationship to build between the care worker and individual and promoting a sense of well being.